This chapter analyses the treatment of the ‘revolt against the West’ in The Expansion of International Society and the various different arguments about its nature, causes, and consequences it advanced. It sets these arguments in the context of earlier English school assessments of decolonization. The second half assesses the claims made in the Expansion about the effects of the revolt on international society. It argues that in retrospect we can see that the revolt was all but over by the time the Expansion was published, as Western political and economic models gained ground over putative non-Western alternatives, and as major non-Western states have retreated, in their international relations, into defensive and conservative conduct. It concludes with a discussion of what the English School’s treatment of the revolt tells us about the different understandings of international society present within that tradition of thought.