G-Protein Signaling Modulator 2 as a Potential Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Integrative Analysis Using Genetic Profiling and Pan-Cancer Studies
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Azari, Hanieh
Sokhangouy, Saeideh Khorshid
Hassanian, Seyed Mahdi
Alshekarchi, Hawraa Ibrahim
Goshayeshi, Ladan
Goshayeshi, Lena
Abbaszadegan, Mohammad Reza
Khojasteh-Leylakoohi, Fatemeh
Khazaei, Majid
Gataa, Ibrahim Saeed
Peters, Godefridus J
A. Ferns, Gordon
Batra, Jyotsna
Lam, Alfred King-Yin
et al.
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) imposes a significant healthcare burden globally, prompting the quest for innovative biomarkers to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the G-protein signaling modulator (GPSM) family across several cancers and presents a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of the GPSM2 gene across several gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Leveraging bioinformatics methodologies, we investigated GPSM2 expression patterns, protein interactions, functional enrichments, prognostic implications, genetic alterations, and immune infiltration associations. Furthermore, the expression of the GPSM2 gene was analyzed using real-time analysis. Our findings reveal a consistent upregulation of GPSM2 expression in all GI cancer datasets analyzed, suggesting its potential as a universal biomarker in GI cancers. Functional enrichment analysis underscores the involvement of GPSM2 in vital pathways, indicating its role in tumor progression. The prognostic assessment indicates that elevated GPSM2 expression correlates with adverse overall and disease-free survival outcomes across multiple GI cancer types. Genetic alteration analysis highlights the prevalence of mutations, particularly missense mutations, in GPSM2. Furthermore, significant correlations between GPSM2 expression and immune cell infiltration are observed, suggesting its involvement in tumor immune evasion mechanisms. Collectively, our study underscores the multifaceted role of GPSM2 in GI cancers, particularly in CRC, emphasizing its potential as a promising biomarker for prognosis and therapeutic targeting. Further functional investigations are warranted to elucidate its clinical utility and therapeutic implications in CRC management.
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Genes
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15
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4
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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Oncology and carcinogenesis
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Genetics
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Kadhim, DJ; Azari, H; Sokhangouy, SK; Hassanian, SM; Alshekarchi, HI; Goshayeshi, L; Goshayeshi, L; Abbaszadegan, MR; Khojasteh-Leylakoohi, F; Khazaei, M; Gataa, IS; Peters, GJ; A. Ferns, G; Batra, J; Lam, AK-Y; Giovannetti, E; et al., G-Protein Signaling Modulator 2 as a Potential Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Integrative Analysis Using Genetic Profiling and Pan-Cancer Studies, 2024, Genes, 15 (4), pp. 474-474