Quantifying hydraulic roughness in a riparian forest using a drag force-based method
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Brooks, Andrew
Olley, Jon
Kemp, Justine
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Abstract
Flow resistance through riparian forests due to drag on trees is often expressed in hydraulic models with an increase in a boundary resistance factor such as Manning's n. However, when Manning's n is used as a proxy for vegetation drag, this parameter is dependent on flow conditions and a single, uniform value may be inadequate for simulating a broad range of flood magnitudes. To investigate this issue, flow resistance, and the commensurate Manning's n values through a riparian forest were computed using measured drag forces and estimates of the forest structure and tree morphology. The computed Manning's n values were applied to a 2D hydraulic model (TUFLOW) to simulate an observed flood and a range of design floods. Modelled peak flood levels for the observed flood were 0.16 m lower on average than that recorded at debris marks. There was little difference in modelled flood levels when using the computed Manning's n compared to a traditional, uniform Manning's n. Reassuringly, the traditional method appears adequate when reliable calibration data is available. Otherwise, the method developed here provides a useful alternative in cases where calibration data is limited or for testing reforestation as a nature-based solution in river or flood management.
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Journal of Flood Risk Management
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© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Flood Risk Management published by Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Physical geography and environmental geoscience not elsewhere classified
Terrestrial ecology
Geomorphology and earth surface processes
Hydrology
Physical geography and environmental geoscience
Civil engineering
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Sharpe, RG; Brooks, A; Olley, J; Kemp, J, Quantifying hydraulic roughness in a riparian forest using a drag force-based method, Journal of Flood Risk Management, 2023, pp. e12892