The Application of Normal Stress Reduction Function in Tilt Tests for Different Block Shapes
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Gratchev, Ivan
Hein, Maw
Balasubramaniam, Arumugam
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the influence of the shapes of rock cores, which control the sliding or toppling behaviours in tilt tests for the estimation of rock joint roughness coefficients (JRC). When the JRC values are estimated by performing tilt tests, the values are directly proportional to the basic friction of the rock material and the applied normal stress on the sliding planes. Normal stress obviously varies with the shape of the sliding block, and the basic friction angle is also affected by the sample shapes in tilt tests. In this study, the shapes of core blocks are classified into three representative shapes and those are created using plaster. Using the various shaped artificial cores, a set of tilt tests is carried out to identify the shape influences on the normal stress and the basic friction angle in tilt tests. The test results propose a normal stress reduction function to estimate the normal stress for tilt tests according to the sample shapes based on Barton’s empirical equation. The proposed normal stress reduction functions are verified by tilt tests using artificial plaster joints and real rock joint sets. The plaster joint sets are well matched and cast in detailed printed moulds using a 3D printing technique. With the application of the functions, the obtained JRC values from the tilt tests using the plaster samples and the natural rock samples are distributed within a reasonable JRC range when compared with the measured values.
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Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering
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49
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8
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© 2016 Springer-Verlag Wien. This is an electronic version of an article published in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2016, Volume 49, Issue 8, pp 3041–3054. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering is available online at: http://link.springer.com/ with the open URL of your article.
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Civil engineering
Civil geotechnical engineering
Resources engineering and extractive metallurgy