This chapter explores three major industries in the Australian economy: agriculture, mining and construction. Due to the size and coverage of these industry sectors we have provided an overview of key trends and workforce impacts. The chapter treats each of these industry sectors separately analysing the major technological developments and adoptions, how this is impacting work and those occupations most impacted, what skill sets are needed and how are jobs changing and being re designed. What future skilling is needed to meet these trends with key stakeholder views covered as well as policy implications before concluding the chapter.