This chapter explores the dynamics of environmental and natural resource governance in Myanmar. It provides an overview of how corruption in Myanmar has impacted on its environment and natural resources. The chapter examines the historical challenges to environmental governance and security during the period of military rule. It also explores the emerging state-led forms of environmental governance under the Thein Sein government. The chapter also examines the prospects for effective environmental governance under the National League for Democracy (NLD) government. Agriculture and natural resources are the most significant components of Myanmar's economy: they dominate exports and provide the vast majority of its foreign exchange, whether official or unofficial. The chapter outlines the impacts of various epochs on Myanmar's environment and the development of more effective environmental governance tools, including greater transparency in the natural resources sector.