CO2 Emissions in G20 Nations through the Three-Sector Model
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Gupta, Rakesh
Wong, Victor
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This paper examines the relationship between CO2 emissions in three economic sectors of G20 member countries using the environmental IPAT model and STIRPAT model and validates the EKC hypothesis by comparing the results for developing and developed countries. The results confirm that there is a significant long-run equilibrium relationship between the three sectors (primary, secondary, and tertiary) and CO2 emissions across the panel. Furthermore, the long-run elasticities suggest that the primary sector (agriculture) positively and negatively affects the CO2 emissions of developing and developed economies, respectively. This finding proves that the development of agriculture is in line with the EKC hypothesis that a more developed economy will instead improve environmental degradation. Based on the findings, for each sector, we provide policymakers with suggestions to potentially curb CO2 emissions without significantly compromising economic growth.
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Journal of Risk and Financial Management
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15
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9
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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Risk policy
Environmental management
Financial economics
Commerce, management, tourism and services
Economics
Social Sciences
Business, Finance
Business & Economics
three-sector model
EKC
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Yan, K; Gupta, R; Wong, V, CO2 Emissions in G20 Nations through the Three-Sector Model, Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 2022, 15 (9), pp. 394