The Indonesian seaweed industry is at a crossroads. The implementation of the national roadmap outlined in Presidential Decree 33-2019 has reached its final stage and the Indonesian government has to decide if this national approach continues. The roadmap was created to improve upstream and downstream seaweed industries and boost the economic value of the commodity. A decision about what happens next can be informed by a clear understanding of the complex issues facing the seaweed industry from the perspective of businesses and other stakeholders. Our study, conducted between April and October 2022, provides a comprehensive overview of the Indonesian seaweed policy landscape and supply chain governance. It used a combination of in-depth interviews, group model building with more than 120 participants and a desk review.