This paper reports the findings of a study which aimed to determine how recent research can best inform the strategic direction for the Victorian vocational education and training (VET) system. However, the outcomes of this analysis, are likely to be equally applicable to other states and territories. The findings include the need for policy and practice to: recognise the changing context in which VET programs are developed and implemented; seek mutuality among the changing interests and needs of the VET client groups (industry, enterprises, individuals and regions); and address their changing relationship with the VET system. Together, these outcomes have significant implications for policy and the development, implementation and evaluation of vocational education programs as well as the role of VET teachers. From this analysis changes in the relationships between the VET system and its clients are proposed.