This publication presents the results of a research program. It focuses on how different elements of integrity interact, which combination of institutions and reforms make for a strong integrity system, and how Australia's integrity systems should evolve to ensure coherence, not chaos in the way public integrity is maintained. The assessment resulted in 21 recommendation encompassing three broad overarching themes: Integrity from the top: core institutions; walking the talk; distributed integrity institutions; and investing in integrity: education, evaluation and research. At the same time, this project provides an example of, and methodology for ,the assessment and improvement of integrity systems in other countries.