The article by Chen et al. in this issue of the Journal reports cancer incidence and mortality rates in mainland China in 2013 based on data from 255 local cancer registries. These estimates, equivalent to more than 10,000 new cancers and 6000 deaths in China every day, represents a huge challenge to the Chinese government, both at the Central and local levels. Having the most accurate and contemporary cancer statistics for China is critical in understanding the effectiveness of cancer control in that country, guiding their future health policy planning, and providing greater insights into the global patterns of cancer.