This study investigated children’s knowledge of division and its relationship to their teacher’s conceptual understanding of division following Professional Development. A paper and pencil test was administered to 47 year 7 students and 2 teachers over 2 phases. Following the testing, six students and the teacher from each phase were interviewed. Results from this study indicate that most Phase 1 students rely on following a procedure with limited understanding. Their teacher displayed some conceptual understanding, however she too demonstrated a bias for procedural knowledge. This contrasts with Phase 2 teacher and students who demonstrated conceptual knowledge both in the test and the interviews.