A novel computer vision-based approach for autonomous building facade material stock estimation

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Rajaratnam, D
Stewart, RA
Liu, T
Vieira, AS
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2025
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Abstract

Estimating building stock at the elemental level is essential for a circular economy. However, the lack of information on building stock due to considerable time and costs associated with data collection poses a significant challenge in large-scale analysis. This study employed computer vision-based façade classification and weighted material intensity to estimate building façade material stock using a bottom-up approach. Autonomous semantic enhancements on façade material typologies and opening areas aided better estimation of building-facing materials’ weight. ResNet 50 deep learning architecture was chosen, with an F1 score of 0.77 and 80 % accuracy. Most façade classes have achieved a relatively high level of accuracy of predictions. “Common Brick”, “Face Brick”, “Concrete Blocks”, and “Concrete” were identified as the most widespread façade materials in the model deployed area of interest: Southport (SA3), City of Gold Coast, Australia. The model provides the necessary foundations for progressing circular economy and urban metabolism efforts.

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Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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219

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© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Environmental engineering

Built environment and design

Engineering

Environmental sciences

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Rajaratnam, D; Stewart, RA; Liu, T; Vieira, AS, A novel computer vision-based approach for autonomous building facade material stock estimation, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2025, 219, pp. 108311

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