Mobile phones are hazardous microbial platforms warranting robust public health and biosecurity protocols
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Nassar, Rania
Senok, Abiola
Moloney, Susan
Lohning, Anna
Jones, Peter
Grant, Gary
Morgan, Mark
Palipana, Dinesh
McKirdy, Simon
Alghafri, Rashed
Tajouri, Lotti
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Abstract
Advancements in technology and communication have revolutionised the twenty-first century with the introduction of mobile phones and smartphones. These phones are known to be platforms harbouring microbes with recent research shedding light on the abundance and broad spectrum of organisms they harbour. Mobile phone use in the community and in professional sectors including health care settings is a potential source of microbial dissemination. To identify the diversity of microbial genetic signature present on mobile phones owned by hospital medical staff. Twenty-six mobile phones of health care staff were swabbed. DNA extraction for downstream next generation sequencing shotgun metagenomic microbial profiling was performed. Survey questionnaires were handed to the staff to collect information on mobile phone usage and users' behaviours. Each of the 26 mobile phones of this study was contaminated with microbes with the detection of antibiotic resistance and virulent factors. Taken together the sum of microbes and genes added together across all 26 mobile phones totalised 11,163 organisms (5714 bacteria, 675 fungi, 93 protists, 228 viruses, 4453 bacteriophages) and 2096 genes coding for antibiotic resistance and virulent factors. The survey of medical staff showed that 46% (12/26) of the participants used their mobile phones in the bathroom. Mobile phones are vectors of microbes and can contribute to microbial dissemination and nosocomial diseases worldwide. As fomites, mobile phones that are not decontaminated may pose serious risks for public health and biosecurity.
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Scientific Reports
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12
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© The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
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Public health
Biosecurity science and invasive species ecology
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Olsen, M; Nassar, R; Senok, A; Moloney, S; Lohning, A; Jones, P; Grant, G; Morgan, M; Palipana, D; McKirdy, S; Alghafri, R; Tajouri, L, Mobile phones are hazardous microbial platforms warranting robust public health and biosecurity protocols, Sci Rep, 2022, 12, pp. 10009