A pronounced trend in Australian electricity markets has been the rapid take-up rate of rooftop solar PV. Sparked by rising electricity tariffs and overlapping subsidies, economic considerations soon took over. This chapter analyses the causes and effects of rooftop solar PV in the state of Queensland, which has the highest take-up rate in the world. 43.3% of households have a behind-the-meter solar unit. Benefits to participating households are significant, while hidden costs remain for nonparticipants. Impacts on utilities are mixed. And despite world-leading rates, Queensland's grid-supplied system peak demand continues to rise, albeit shifted to later in the evening.