Global rarity of intact coastal regions
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Watson, James EM
Beyer, Hawthorne L
Klein, Carissa J
Montgomery, Jamie
Runting, Rebecca K
Roberson, Leslie A
Halpern, Benjamin S
Grantham, Hedley S
Kuempel, Caitlin D
Frazier, Melanie
Venter, Oscar
Wenger, Amelia
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Abstract
Management of the land–sea interface is essential for global conservation and sustainability objectives because coastal regions maintain natural processes that support biodiversity and the livelihood of billions of people. However, assessments of coastal regions have focused strictly on either the terrestrial or marine realm. Consequently, understanding of the overall state of Earth's coastal regions is poor. We integrated the terrestrial human footprint and marine cumulative human impact maps in a global assessment of the anthropogenic pressures affecting coastal regions. Of coastal regions globally, 15.5% had low anthropogenic pressure, mostly in Canada, Russia, and Greenland. Conversely, 47.9% of coastal regions were heavily affected by humanity, and in most countries (84.1%) >50% of their coastal regions were degraded. Nearly half (43.3%) of protected areas across coastal regions were exposed to high human pressures. To meet global sustainability objectives, all nations must undertake greater actions to preserve and restore the coastal regions within their borders.
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Conservation Biology
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36
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4
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© 2022 Society for Conservation Biology. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Global rarity of intact coastal regions, Conservation Biology, 2022, 36 (4), pp. e13874, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13874. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
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Conservation and biodiversity
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Biodiversity Conservation
Ecology
Environmental Sciences
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Williams, BA; Watson, JEM; Beyer, HL; Klein, CJ; Montgomery, J; Runting, RK; Roberson, LA; Halpern, BS; Grantham, HS; Kuempel, CD; Frazier, M; Venter, O; Wenger, A, Global rarity of intact coastal regions, Conservation Biology, 2022, 36 (4), pp. e13874