AIM: The aim of this thesis was to gain a deeper understanding of the influence contextual factors have on short-term post-exercise muscle glycogen replenishment, with a specific focus on the influence of sleep and its subsequent impact on next day exercise performance. The thesis comprises two studies that are systematic and meta-analytical reviews and one experimental, empirical study. Study 1 was a systematic and meta-analytical review aimed to explore the effect of consuming carbohydrate (CHO) with and without protein (PRO) on the rate of muscle glycogen re-synthesis during short-term post-exercise recovery (less than or equal to 8h), while considering contextual factors (e.g., CHO- dose, timing). [...] Study 2 was a systematic and meta-analytical review aimed to explore the magnitude of influence acute sleep loss has on next day exercise performance, while considering key contextual factors (e.g., sleep loss protocol used, exercise type (e.g., strength, endurance) and the time of day exercise is performed). [...]