China’s growing influence in the global carrageenan industry and implications for Indonesia
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Waldron, Scott
Langford, Zannie
Julianto, Boedi
Komarek, Adam Martin
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Abstract
China has reconfigured the global value chains of a wide range of commodities. This includes carrageenan, a polysaccharide extracted from specific types of red seaweeds used as a gelling and thickening agent in a wide range of applications. In the past 20 years, China has moved to centre stage in the global carrageenan processing sector, with wide-ranging implications for seaweed producing nations and farmers. This is especially the case for Indonesia, a pivotal carrageenan seaweeds producer that exports almost all seaweed to China, cemented by large Chinese investments in processing in Indonesia. Despite the importance, there is a dearth of studies on the Chinese domestic industry and associated trade and investment flows. This study fills the gap by triangulating a range of detailed industry, statistical and interview data, in multiple language sources. It finds that Chinese trade and investment linkages is of net benefit to Indonesia but that Indonesian government agencies at both central and local levels can begin to introduce terms in their favour.
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Journal of Applied Phycology
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© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Sustainable agricultural development
Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)
Biological oceanography
Fisheries sciences
Plant biology
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marine & Freshwater Biology
China
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Zhang, J; Waldron, S; Langford, Z; Julianto, B; Komarek, AM, China’s growing influence in the global carrageenan industry and implications for Indonesia, Journal of Applied Phycology, 2023