This chapter examines and synthesises the key issues in planning and economics at a landscape level and demonstrates how they can support each other to produce sustainable and more just outcomes. Currently, many landscapes are managed with a focus on unsustainable extractive resource use, driven by conventional finance approaches that ignore or undervalue other benefits the landscapes can provide. This results in unsustainable deforestation, land degradation, biodiversity loss and pollution. Truly sustainable finance requires economic processes that better value the landscape ecosystem services, at a landscape level and that acknowledge the interconnectedness and multi-stakeholder nature of landscapes and their ecosystem services. At the same time, participatory landscape planning processes are a way to combine knowledge and values to help stakeholders identify the benefits they value, decide upon acceptable trade-offs and choose activities to improve wellbeing in dynamic, multifunctional and multi-stakeholder landscapes. This chapter will show how an integrated approach to landscape economics and planning can identify the basis of institutional arrangements that, combined with strong governance, can share benefits more justly while supporting the long-term sustainability of landscapes and their ecosystems.